It is the authority of the President of the Philippines to suspend the execution of a penalty, reduce the sentence and extinguish criminal liability.
A. Parole
B. Executive clemency
C. Pardon
D. President’s clemency
The correct answer is B. Executive clemency.
Rationalization: Executive clemency is a term that encompasses several types of mercy or relief from the enforcement of a sentence. It is indeed within the authority of the President of the Philippines to grant executive clemency, which can include pardoning, commuting sentences, or remitting fines or forfeitures. This power allows the President to forgive or reduce the penalties associated with criminal convictions, effectively suspending the execution of a penalty, reducing sentences, or extinguishing criminal liability.
A. Parole involves releasing a prisoner to serve the remainder of their sentence under supervision in the community and does not include the authority to reduce sentences fundamentally or extinguish criminal liability.
C. Pardon is a specific type of clemency that absolves the individual of the crime and its penalties but does not include the authority to reduce sentences unless specified.
D. President’s clemency is not a standard term used formally; it could conceptually cover similar actions as executive clemency but is not the recognized term.